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Synaptotagmine – Wikipedia Zum Inhalt springen

Synaptotagmine

aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie
(Weitergeleitet von Synaptotagmin)
Datei:Exocytosis-machinery.jpg
Der molekulare Mechanismus, der die Exozytose bei der Freisetzung von Neurotransmitter reguliert.

Synaptotagmine sind eine Gruppe von 17 an Zellmembranen lokalisierten Proteinen, die sich durch eine N-terminale Transmembranregion (TMR), eine variable Verbindung und zwei C-terminale C2-Domänen (C2A und C2B) auszeichnen. Es gibt mehrere C2-Domänen-tragende Proteingruppen, die mit Synaptotagminen verwandt sind, darunter Ferline, E-Syts und MCTPs, sowie RIMs, Munc13s und B/K.

Funktion

Auf der Grundlage ihrer endokrinen Verteilung im Gehirn und ihrer biochemischen Fähigkeiten, binden C2-Domänen der Synaptotagmine Calcium. Es wird daher angenommen, dass Synaptotagmine als Calciumsensoren dienen, die die Freisetzung von Neurotransmittern und Hormonen steuern.

Obwohl alle Synaptotagmine sehr ähnlich strukturiert sind, binden nur acht (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, und 10) Calcium.

Proteine aus der Gruppe der Synaptotagmine finden sich durch die Interaktion mit β-neurexin<ref name="Fukuda2000"> {{#invoke:Vorlage:Literatur|f}}{{#if: 

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</ref> in der Exozytose in der frühen (Andocken der synaptischen Vesikel an der präsynaptischen Membran) und in der späten Phase.<ref name="Pang2006"> {{#invoke:Vorlage:Literatur|f}}{{#if: 

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2006 konnte in einem Versuch gezeigt werden, dass Synaptotagmin 1 in der Anwesenheit von Calcium Complexin aus dem SNARE-Komplex verdrängen kann. Dies wird als eine der letzten chemischen Reaktionen bei der Exozytose betrachtet.<ref name="Tang2006"> {{#invoke:Vorlage:Literatur|f}}{{#if: 

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Die C2-Domänen steuern dann die Fusion der synaptischen Vesikel im Rahmen der Exozytose.<ref name="Zimmerberg2006"> {{#invoke:Vorlage:Literatur|f}}{{#if: 

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  }}Vorlage:Cite book/Meldung2{{#ifexpr: 0{{#ifeq:^^|^^||+1}}{{#ifeq:^^|^^||+1}}{{#ifeq:Fernández-Chacón R, Königstorfer A, Gerber SH, García J, Matos MF, Stevens CF et al.|^^||+1}}{{#ifeq:^^|^^||+1}} > 1
    | Vorlage:Cite book/Meldung
  }}

</ref>

Einzelnachweise

<references />

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