Mount-Wilson-Observatorium

Datei:100inchHooker.jpg

Der Hooker-Spiegel am Mount-Wilson-Observatorium

Das Mount-Wilson-Observatorium ist mit einem Alter von über 100 Jahren eines der ältesten und erfolgreichsten Observatorien der Erde. Es befindet sich auf dem Mount Wilson auf einer Höhe von {{#ifeq: Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt|Expression error: Unrecognised punctuation character "."|Vorlage:Höhe/Fehler in Parameterliste|}}{{#if: 1742

 |{{#if: 
   |{{#switch: 
       | AT = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m ü. A.|m ü. A.}}
       | BSW77 =
            {{#ifexpr: (1742>=0)
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt m ü. {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|Ostsee|Ostsee}}
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt m unter {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|Ostsee|Ostsee}}
            }}
       | LI
       | CH = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m ü. M.|m ü. M.}}
       | LI-M
       | CH-M = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m|m}}
       | DE =
            {{#ifexpr: (1742>=0)
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m|m}}
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m unter dem Meeresspiegel|m unter dem Meeresspiegel}}
            }}

       | DE-NN =
            {{#ifexpr: (1742>=0)
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt m ü. {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|NN|NN}}
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt m unter {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|NN|NN}}
            }}
       | DE-HN =
            {{#ifexpr: (1742>=0)
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt m ü. {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|HN|HN}}
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt m unter {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|HN|HN}}
            }}

       | DE-NHN =
            {{#ifexpr: (1742>=0)
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt m ü. {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|NHN|NHN}}
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt m unter {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|NHN|NHN}}
            }}

       | DE-NHN-2016 =
            {{#ifexpr: (1742>=0)
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt m ü. {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|NHN|NHN}}
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt m unter {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|NHN|NHN}}
            }}

       |AL = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m ü. A.|m ü. A.}}

       | SK  = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m n.m.|m n.m.}}

       | CZ  = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m n.m.|m n.m.}}

       | HU  = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m|m}}

       | DK  = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m.o.h.|m.o.h.}}

       | GB| IE = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m ASL|m ASL}}

       | FR|FX  = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m|m}}

       | IT|SM|VA  = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m s.l.m.|m s.l.m.}}

       |BA 
       |HR 
       |ME 
       |MK 
       |RS 
       |SI 
             = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m. i. J.|m. i. J.}}

       | JP  = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m T.P.|m T.P.}}

       | NL  = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m NAP|m NAP}}

       | NO  =
            {{#ifexpr: (1742>=0)
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|moh.|moh.}}
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|muh.|muh.}}
            }}

       | PL  = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m n.p.m.|m n.p.m.}}

       | SE  = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m ö.h.|m ö.h.}}

       | ES  = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|msnm|msnm}}

       | BE  = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m O.P.|m O.P.}}

       |AF 
       |AX 
       |DZ 
       |AS 
       |AD 
       |AO 
       |AI 
       |AQ 
       |AG 
       |AR 
       |AM 
       |AW 
       |AU 
       |AZ 
       |BS 
       |BH 
       |BD 
       |BB 
       |BY 
       |BZ 
       |BJ 
       |BM 
       |BT 
       |BO 
       |BW 
       |BV 
       |BR 
       |IO 
       |BN 
       |BG 
       |BF 
       |BI 
       |KH 
       |CM 
       |CA 
       |CV 
       |KY 
       |CF 
       |TD 
       |CL 
       |CN 
       |CX 
       |CC 
       |CO 
       |KM 
       |CG 
       |CD 
       |CK 
       |CR 
       |CI 
       |CU 
       |CY 
       |DK 
       |DJ 
       |DM 
       |DO 
       |EC 
       |EG 
       |SV 
       |GQ 
       |ER 
       |EE 
       |ET 
       |FK 
       |FO 
       |FJ 
       |FI 
       |GF 
       |PF 
       |TF 
       |GA 
       |GM 
       |GE 
       |GH 
       |GI 
       |GR 
       |GL 
       |GD 
       |GP 
       |GU 
       |GT 
       |GG 
       |GN 
       |GW 
       |GY 
       |HT 
       |HM 
       |HN 
       |HK 
       |IS 
       |IN 
       |ID 
       |IR 
       |IQ 
       |IM 
       |IL 
       |JM 
       |JE 
       |JO 
       |KZ 
       |KE 
       |KI 
       |KP 
       |KR 
       |KW 
       |KG 
       |LA 
       |LV 
       |LB 
       |LS 
       |LR 
       |LY 
       |LT 
       |LU 
       |MO 
       |MG 
       |MW 
       |MY 
       |MV 
       |ML 
       |MT 
       |MH 
       |MQ 
       |MR 
       |MU 
       |YT 
       |MX 
       |FM 
       |MD 
       |MC 
       |MN 
       |MS 
       |MA 
       |MZ 
       |MM 
       |NA 
       |NR 
       |NP 
       |AN 
       |NC 
       |NZ 
       |NI 
       |NE 
       |NG 
       |NU 
       |NF 
       |MP 
       |OM 
       |PK 
       |PW 
       |PS 
       |PA 
       |PG 
       |PY 
       |PE 
       |PH 
       |PN 
       |PT 
       |PR 
       |QA 
       |RE 
       |RO 
       |RU 
       |RW 
       |SH 
       |KN 
       |LC 
       |PM 
       |VC 
       |WS 
       |ST 
       |SA 
       |SN 
       |SC 
       |SL 
       |SG 
       |SB 
       |SO 
       |ZA 
       |GS 
       |LK 
       |SD 
       |SS 
       |SR 
       |SJ 
       |SZ 
       |SY 
       |TW 
       |TJ 
       |TZ 
       |TH 
       |TL 
       |TG 
       |TK 
       |TO 
       |TT 
       |TN 
       |TR 
       |TM 
       |TC 
       |TV 
       |UG 
       |UA 
       |AE 
       |US 
       |UM 
       |UY 
       |UZ 
       |VU 
       |VE 
       |VN 
       |VG 
       |VI 
       |WF 
       |EH 
       |YE 
       |ZM 
       |ZW 
       =
       {{#ifexpr: (1742>=0)
         |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m|m}}
         |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m unter dem Meeresspiegel|m unter dem Meeresspiegel}}
         }}

       |XA| XS| XN| XP| XI=
            {{#ifexpr: (1742>=0)
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt m ü. {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|MSL|MSL}}
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt m unter {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|MSL|MSL}}
            }}

       |XO=
            {{#ifexpr: (1742>=150)
            |{{#invoke:Measure|Masz}} ü. {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|MSL|MSL}}
            |Vorlage:Höhe/ungültiger Wert
            }}

       |MERKUR| VENUS| ERDE| MARS| JUPITER| SATURN| URANUS| NEPTUN =
            {{#ifexpr: (1742>=0)
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt m ü. {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|Nullniveau|Nullniveau}}
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt m unter {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|Nullniveau|Nullniveau}}
            }}

       |M
       |METER =
            {{#ifexpr: (1742>=0)
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m|m}}
            |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m unter dem Meeresspiegel|m unter dem Meeresspiegel}}
            }}

       | #default = Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt Vorlage:Höhe/unbekannter Bezug

   }}

   |{{#ifexpr: (1742>=0)
     |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m|m}}
     |Vorlage:Höhe/Fmt {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|true}}|m unter dem Meeresspiegel|m unter dem Meeresspiegel}}
     }}
   }}
 | Höhenwert fehlt, siehe VorlagenbeschreibungVorlage:Höhe/Fehler in Parameterliste

}} in den San Gabriel Mountains im US-Bundesstaat Kalifornien, nordöstlich von Los Angeles.

Mit dem 1917 installierten 2,5-Meter-Spiegel besaß es 30 Jahre lang das größte Spiegelteleskop der Welt. Sein wichtigster Forschungsbeitrag war der Nachweis, dass die Galaxien „Weltinseln“ wie unsere Milchstraße sind und dass das gesamte Weltall expandiert.

Geschichte

Datei:Hooker interferometer.jpg

Michelsons 20 ft. Stellar Interferometer, montiert auf dem Hooker-Teleskop, 1920

{{#if:Lage in Los Angeles

| }}

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|1}}) ) -180 )/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}} |{{#expr: (((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180) -((((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180)/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }}}} |EW: {{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|4}}{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}} |{{#switch:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|4}} ||O|E|W={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#iferror:{{#ifexpr:{{#switch:N | R+ = abs | R- = -abs | Z = trunc | Z+ | N = abs trunc | Z- = -abs trunc}}(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) = (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) {{#if: | round ({{{3}}}) }} | 1 }} }}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#expr: (({{#ifeq:{{#TITLEPARTS:118/3/24/W |1|4}}|W|-}} ((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) ) -180 ) -((({{#ifeq:{{#TITLEPARTS:118/3/24/W |1|4}}|W|-}} ((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) ) -180 )/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}} |{{#expr: (((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180) -((((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180)/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }}}} |}} {{#if: | | }} |2={{#if: | | }} |3= ||N|S={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}|expr=1|set=N}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#ifeq:S|{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}|- }}{{#ifexpr:( (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) )>90 |90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) }} }} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}} |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})>90|90 |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})<-90|-90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})}} }} }} }} }} |falscher Wert ›{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}} |{{#switch:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}} ||N|S={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}|expr=1|set=N}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#ifeq:S|{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}|- }}{{#ifexpr:( (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) )>90 |90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) }} }} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}} |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})>90|90 |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})<-90|-90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})}} }} }} }} }} ‹|kein Wert}} in type-Parameter {{#if: | | }} |5= ||N|S={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}|expr=1|set=N}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#ifeq:S|{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}|- }}{{#ifexpr:( (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) )>90 |90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) }} }} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}} |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})>90|90 |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})<-90|-90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})}} }} }} }} }} {{#if:{{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|4}}{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}} |{{#switch:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|4}} ||O|E|W={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#iferror:{{#ifexpr:{{#switch:N | R+ = abs | R- = -abs | Z = trunc | Z+ | N = abs trunc | Z- = -abs trunc}}(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) = (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) {{#if: | round ({{{3}}}) }} | 1 }} }}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#expr: (({{#ifeq:{{#TITLEPARTS:118/3/24/W |1|4}}|W|-}} ((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) ) -180 ) -((({{#ifeq:{{#TITLEPARTS:118/3/24/W |1|4}}|W|-}} ((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) ) -180 )/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}} |{{#expr: (((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180) -((((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180)/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }}}} |, 2:{{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|4}}{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}} |{{#switch:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|4}} ||O|E|W={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#iferror:{{#ifexpr:{{#switch:N | R+ = abs | R- = -abs | Z = trunc | Z+ | N = abs trunc | Z- = -abs trunc}}(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) = (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) {{#if: | round ({{{3}}}) }} | 1 }} }}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#expr: (({{#ifeq:{{#TITLEPARTS:118/3/24/W |1|4}}|W|-}} ((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) ) -180 ) -((({{#ifeq:{{#TITLEPARTS:118/3/24/W |1|4}}|W|-}} ((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) ) -180 )/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}} |{{#expr: (((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180) -((((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180)/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }}}} }}{{#if:|, 3:}}{{#if:|, 4:}} {{#if:|usw.}} {{#if: | | }} |6={{#if:{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}} |{{#switch:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}} ||N|S={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}|expr=1|set=N}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#ifeq:S|{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}|- }}{{#ifexpr:( (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) )>90 |90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) }} }} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}} |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})>90|90 |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})<-90|-90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})}} }} }} }} }} || |{{#switch:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}} ||N|S={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}|expr=1|set=N}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#ifeq:S|{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}|- }}{{#ifexpr:( (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) )>90 |90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) }} }} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}} |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})>90|90 |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})<-90|-90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})}} }} }} }} }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}} |{{#switch:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}} ||N|S={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}|expr=1|set=N}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#ifeq:S|{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}|- }}{{#ifexpr:( (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) )>90 |90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) }} }} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}} |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})>90|90 |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})<-90|-90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})}} }} }} }} }}  :}} region-Parameter fehlt6 {{#if:{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}} |{{#switch:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}} ||N|S={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}|expr=1|set=N}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})>=60 or 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| }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}} |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})>90|90 |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})<-90|-90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})}} }} }} }} }}|}}{{#iferror:{{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|4}}{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}} |{{#switch:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|4}} ||O|E|W={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#iferror:{{#ifexpr:{{#switch:N | R+ = abs | R- = -abs | Z = trunc | Z+ | N = abs trunc | Z- = -abs trunc}}(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) = (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) {{#if: | round ({{{3}}}) }} | 1 }} }}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#expr: (({{#ifeq:{{#TITLEPARTS:118/3/24/W |1|4}}|W|-}} ((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) ) -180 ) -((({{#ifeq:{{#TITLEPARTS:118/3/24/W |1|4}}|W|-}} ((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) ) -180 )/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}} |{{#expr: (((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180) -((((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180)/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }}}}|}} | | {{#if:| ohne|keine}} Koordinaten }} }}{{#if:|{{{places}}}}}Vorlage:Karte in einer Ecke | class=noviewer notpageimage| | }}{{#if:180|180px|frameless|upright=1}}|center|{{#if: | | Mount-Wilson-Observatorium }} ({{#switch:name |name = Los Angeles Metropolitan Area |top = 34.86 |bottom = 33.28 |left = -119.10 |right = -117.30 |image = USA Los Angeles Metropolitan Area location map.svg |zone = Stadt der USA }})]]{{#if: |{{#if:{{{LAT}}}{{{LONG}}} | {{#if:|Datei:Red pog.svg}} {{#ifeq:|none|| {{#ifexpr:50<0 or 50>100 or 50<0 or 50>100 |nicht auf der Kartep3}} }} | {{#if:| ohne|keine}} Koordinaten }} |{{#iferror:{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}} |{{#switch:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}} ||N|S={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}|expr=1|set=N}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#ifeq:S|{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}|- }}{{#ifexpr:( (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) )>90 |90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) }} }} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}} |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})>90|90 |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})<-90|-90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})}} }} }} }} }}{{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|4}}{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}} |{{#switch:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|4}} ||O|E|W={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#iferror:{{#ifexpr:{{#switch:N | R+ = abs | R- = -abs | Z = trunc | Z+ | N = abs trunc | Z- = -abs trunc}}(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) = (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) {{#if: | round ({{{3}}}) }} | 1 }} }}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#expr: (({{#ifeq:{{#TITLEPARTS:118/3/24/W |1|4}}|W|-}} ((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) ) -180 ) -((({{#ifeq:{{#TITLEPARTS:118/3/24/W |1|4}}|W|-}} ((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) ) -180 )/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}} |{{#expr: (((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180) -((((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180)/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }}}} |{{#if:||{{#if:||Mount-Wilson-Observatorium}}}}:{{#switch:1 |1= ||N|S={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}|expr=1|set=N}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#ifeq:S|{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}|- }}{{#ifexpr:( (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) )>90 |90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) }} }} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}} |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})>90|90 |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})<-90|-90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})}} }} }} }} }} |NS: {{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}} |{{#switch:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}} ||N|S={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}|expr=1|set=N}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: 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|1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#iferror:{{#ifexpr:{{#switch:N | R+ = abs | R- = -abs | Z = trunc | Z+ | N = abs trunc | Z- = -abs trunc}}(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) = (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) {{#if: | round ({{{3}}}) }} | 1 }} }}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#expr: (({{#ifeq:{{#TITLEPARTS:118/3/24/W |1|4}}|W|-}} ((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) ) -180 ) -((({{#ifeq:{{#TITLEPARTS:118/3/24/W |1|4}}|W|-}} ((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) ) -180 )/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}} |{{#expr: (((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180) -((((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180)/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }}}} |EW: {{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W 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|1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) ) -180 )/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}} |{{#expr: (((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180) -((((0{{#titleparts:118/3/24/W |1}}) -180)/360 -.5 )round 0 )*360 -180 )}} }}}} |}} {{#if: | | }} |2={{#if: | | }} |3= ||N|S={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}|expr=1|set=N}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#ifeq:S|{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}|- }}{{#ifexpr:( (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) )>90 |90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) }} }} }} | }} |#default= }} |{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}} |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})>90|90 |{{#ifexpr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})<-90|-90 |{{#expr:(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}})}} }} }} }} }} |falscher Wert ›{{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}} |{{#switch:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}} ||N|S={{#ifeq: {{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|expr=1|set=R+}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}}|expr=1|set={{#if:{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}}|N|R+}}}}|1}}{{#if:{{#invoke:Expr|figure|0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}|expr=1|set=N}}|1}}|111 |{{#ifexpr: (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})>=60 or (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})>=60 | |{{#ifeq:S|{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|4}}|- }}{{#ifexpr:( (0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|3}})/3600 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1|2}})/60 +(0{{#titleparts:34/13/38/N |1}}) )>90 |90 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In den folgenden Jahren wurde das Observatorium zu einer der führenden astronomischen Forschungseinrichtungen der Erde. Während der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts war das Observatorium nacheinander der Standort der zwei größten Teleskope der Erde sowie zwei der leistungsfähigsten Einrichtungen zum Studium der Sonne. Durch die 1,54-Meter (60-Zoll)- und 2,54-Meter (100-Zoll)-Teleskope (letzteres auch Hooker-Reflektor genannt) zum Beobachten des Nachthimmels sowie die 18,3 und 45,7 Meter hohen Sonnenturmteleskope gelangen verschiedene Entdeckungen und Nachweise:

• der Nachweis, dass die Sonne nicht im Zentrum der Milchstraße steht (Harlow Shapley)
• die Bestimmung der Entfernung der Galaxien und damit der Beweis, dass zahllose Galaxien außer der Milchstraße existieren (Edwin Hubble)
• die Existenz des Magnetfeldes der Sonne und seine Schlüsselrolle bei der Sonnenaktivität
• die Bewegungsrichtungen der Galaxien, die auf den Ursprung des Urknalls hindeuten (Hubble)
• die Existenz großer Anzahlen von Sternen aller Altersklassen in unserer Galaxie

In dem Observatorium wurde auch die Sterninterferometrie entwickelt, durch die Albert A. Michelson um 1920 den Durchmesser von Roten Riesen maß.

Es war Frauen Jahrzehnte lang nicht erlaubt, das Mount-Wilson-Observatorium zu benutzen. So wurde die für den Nobelpreis nominierte Astrophysikerin Margaret Burbidge 1947 für ein Postgraduiertenprogramm abgelehnt, weil die Arbeit mit Besuchen des Observatoriums verbunden gewesen wäre.<ref>{{#if:|{{#iferror: {{#iferror:{{#invoke:Vorlage:FormatDate|Execute}}|}}| |}}}}{{#if:|{{{autor}}}: }}{{#if:|{{#if:UCSD Times: Vol. 15, No. 4, Feb. 1–28, 2001|[{{#invoke:Vorlage:Internetquelle|archivURL|1={{#invoke:URLutil|getNormalized|1={{{archiv-url}}}}}}} {{#invoke:Vorlage:Internetquelle|TitelFormat|titel=UCSD Times: Vol. 15, No. 4, Feb. 1–28, 2001}}]{{#if:| ({{{format}}})}}{{#if:| {{{titelerg}}}{{#invoke:Vorlage:Internetquelle|Endpunkt|titel={{{titelerg}}}}}}}}}|{{#if:https://web.archive.org/web/20050414172039/http://ucsdnews.ucsd.edu/publications/times/TimesV15n4.htm%7C{{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl%7Cfaculty%7C}}%7C{{#invoke:Vorlage:Internetquelle%7CTitelFormat%7Ctitel={{#invoke:WLink%7CgetEscapedTitle%7C1=UCSD Times: Vol. 15, No. 4, Feb. 1–28, 2001}}}}|[{{#invoke:URLutil|getNormalized|1=https://web.archive.org/web/20050414172039/http://ucsdnews.ucsd.edu/publications/times/TimesV15n4.htm}} {{#invoke:Vorlage:Internetquelle|TitelFormat|titel={{#invoke:WLink|getEscapedTitle|1=UCSD Times: Vol. 15, No. 4, Feb. 1–28, 2001}}}}]}}{{#if:| ({{{format}}}{{#if:2005-04-14{{#if: 2024-08-21 | {{#if:{{#invoke:TemplUtl|faculty|}}||1}}}}

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Das seit 1917 auf dem Mount Wilson stehende 2,54-Meter-Teleskop (100 Zoll) war von 1985 bis 1992 stillgelegt. Gründe dafür waren ein zu kleines Finanzbudget sowie die Überlegung, durch technische Neuerungen die Bedienung zu vereinfachen. Für das ab 1928 von Hale geplante, noch größere 200-Zoll-Teleskop wurde wegen der schon damals störenden Lichtverschmutzung am Mount Wilson ein weiter entfernter Standort am Mount Palomar festgelegt.

Das Observatorium kann, abhängig von der Witterung, ganzjährig besucht werden.

Weblinks

Datei:Commons-logo.svg

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• Offizielle Website (englisch)
• Wolfgang Burgmer: 02.11.1917 – Hooker-Teleskop geht in Betrieb. WDR-ZeitZeichen vom 2. November 2017. (Podcast)

Einzelnachweise, Anmerkungen

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